facts management Facts about the Lion

Welcome to another episode of Natural World Facts!
This fact file is all about the Lion in the series Mammals.

- Brief Overview:
The Lion is the second largest big cat in the world behind the Tiger. Unlike other cats, lions are very social animals. They live in groups, called prides, which contain around 30 lions. A pride consists of up to three males, a dozen related females, and their young. Lions have a very powerful roar which can be heard up to 8 km (5 mi.) away. Males and females take on very different roles in the pride. Male lions spend their time guarding their territory and their cubs, whilst females are the primary hunters of the group.

- Appearance:
Lions fur is yellowy-brown in colour. Males are generally larger than females and have a distinctive reddish-brown mane of hair around their heads. The mane is to make the male look impressive to females and more intimidating to other males. The mane also protects the male's neck during fights over territory or mating rights.

- Diet:
Lions are carnivores, and prey on antelopes, buffalo, zebras, young elephants, rhinos, hippos, wild hogs, crocodiles and giraffes. They hunt by stealth, and since their prey is usually faster than them, Lions use teamwork to hunt by forming a semicircle and herding the prey towards the centre before attacking. All the lions in the pride will share the meal, but there is a pecking order, with the adult males eating first, followed by the lionesses, and then the cubs.

- Habitat:
African lions live in Angola, Botswana, Mozambique, Tanzania and the Central African Republic in scrub, grassland or open woodlands. They wander a territory of 100 square miles (260 square kilometers). Asiatic lions are found only in the Gir Forest National Park in India in deciduous forest, grasslands, scrub jungle and rocky hills.

- Breeding:
Lionesses have a gestation period of around four months and give birth to 2-3 cubs at a time. She will give birth to her young away from others and hide the cubs for the first six weeks of their lives as they will be completely dependent on their mother. All the females in a pride mate at the same time. After the first six weeks, the cubs are taken care of by all of the females and will often nurse from those other than their mother.

- Status:
African Lions are listed as vulnerable on the IUCN red list of threatened species, due to hunting, habitat loss and diseases spread from domestic dogs in nearby villages. Asiatic Lions are listed as endangered, with a population of only around 350 left. This is due to habitat loss.

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facts management Facts about the Lion
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